Using ejecta measurement simulations to predict real-life results

Subjecting a metal to a severe impact can produce a cloud of small, fast particles, called ejecta. Studying ejecta and the size-velocity distribution of these particles offers valuable insight into matter’s properties at rest, along with information related to the forces and effects of collisions in many applications, such as geological history, crater formation, and disaster preparedness. Mie-scattering and holograph...

Wearable Sensors Help Athletes Achieve Greater Performance - AIP Publishing LLC

From the Journal: APL MaterialsWASHINGTON, July 23, 2024 – Today’s athletes are always on the lookout for new techniques and equipment to help them train more effectively. Modern coaches and sports trainers use intelligent data monitoring through videos and wearable sensors to help enhance athletic conditioning. However, traditional video analysis and wearable sensor technologies often fall short when tasked to produce a comprehensive picture of an athlete’s performance. In APL Materials, by AIP...

Trash-Sorting Robot Mimics Complex Human Sense of Touch - AIP Publishing LLC

From the Journal: Applied Physics ReviewsWASHINGTON, June 11, 2024 – Today’s intelligent robots can accurately recognize many objects through vision and touch. Tactile information, obtained through sensors, along with machine learning algorithms, enables robots to identify objects previously handled. However, sensing is often confused when presented with objects similar in size and shape, or objects unknown to the robot. Other factors restrictive to robot perception include background noise and...

Forming blood vessels from pluripotent stem cell

During embryonic development, endothelial cells assemble into organized vasculatures with distinct artery and vein signatures. The vascular endothelial cells serve several important functions, including regulating thrombosis and inflammation, taking up acetylate low-density lipoprotein, forming tubules in angiogenic assays, and responding to flow. Animal models such as zebrafish and mice have been used extensively to study the molecular mechanisms involved in the different vascular developmenta

Real time mapping of methyl iodide dissociation at a conical intersection

Attosecond core-to-valence ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy is an effective tool to follow the electronic and structural changes that occur in chemical reactions. Direct probing of the valence shell during transitions from specific core orbitals allows for analysis of the bonding configuration and electronic state of the system. Chang et al sought to clarify wave packet dynamics through a conical intersection encountered during the molecular fragmentation of methyl iodide, or CH I. Conical

Using nuclear forces to quantify the substituent effect

The substituent effect is known to influence the structure and the potential energy surface of a substrate. Even though a substituent is typically not involved directly in the reactivity of the substrate, it may significantly affect the substrate’s kinetics, thermochemistry, or selectivity. Frutos and Fernandez-Gonzalez have developed a simple mechanical model that predicts the energy variations caused by a substituent based on the forces that it induces. Over 50 years ago, the Hammett equatio

The Impact of Menopause on Physical Activity and Injury Risk

Women spend about half of their adult lives in an estrogen-deficient state.(1) Because of this deficiency, it’s estimated that 80% of menopausal women experience symptoms interfering with their quality of life.(4) One area of life significantly impacted by menopause is physical activity and accompanying changes in performance, adaptation, and injury risk.(1) While the effects of estrogen on bone structure and function have been studied extensively, less data is available on the direct and indir

A Naturally Sweet Business

Belmont, a small town in northeast Mississippi, is home to a unique industry with a specialized work force numbering over 100,000. Workers live on site, make their own food, and never ask for a raise. There is no sales force in this company, no marketing strategy, 401K plan, or human resources department. However, laborers for this family-operated business are treated with respect and care by husband and wife, Justin and Brandy Waddle, owners of Belmont Bee Company. With no previous experience